Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences Department of Physiology

Cardiac Phenomics

In the emerging field of physiologic genomics, the goal of the ‘Cardiac Phenomics Laboratory’ is to understand the relationship between the genotype and the cardiac phenotype, as mediated by environmental influences. A particular strength of the research group is the capacity to dissect the genome-phenome relationship at the level of the intact animal, the organ, the cell and the molecule. Most recently we have focused on using unique genetic models of cardiac disease to understand the alterations in heart structure and function which occur in different forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with hormonal disturbances (eg diabetes, renin-angiotensin system dysfunction, estrogen influences).

Cardiac Phenomics Lab Members:

Associate Professor Lea Delbridge – Head of Laboratory
Dr Claire Curl – Post Doctoral Fellow
Ms Kate Huggins – PhD Student
Mr Enzo Porrello – PhD Student
Dr Vennetia Danes – PhD Student
Mr Andrea Domenighetti – PhD Student
Ms Wendy Ip – Honours Student
Ms Greta Meredith - Research Assistant

Collaborators:

Professor Stephen Harrap
Department of Physiology
University of Melbourne

Dr Robert DiNicolantonio
Department of Physiology
University of Melbourne

Associate Professor Igor Wendt
Department of Physiology
Monash University

Dr Salvatore Pepe
Baker Heart Research Institute

Dr Rebecca Ritchie
Baker Heart Research Institute

Dr Walter Thomas
Baker Heart Research Institute

Professor Joe Proietto
Austin Repatriation Hospital

Dr Gordon Smyth
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute

Associate Professor Thierry Pedrazzini
University of Lausanne

Associate Professor Peter McLennan
University of Wollongong

Associate Professor Robert Widdop
Department of Pharmacology
Monash University

Professor Keith Nugent
School of Physics
University of Melbourne

Associate Professor Ann Roberts
School of Physics
University of Melbourne

Professor Peter Harris
Department of Physiology
University of Melbourne

Dr Brendan Allman
Iatia Ltd, Australia

Associate Professor Alastair Stewart
Department of Pharmacology
University of Melbourne

Professor Margaret Morris
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology
University of New South Wales

Research Projects

Omega 3 Dietary Lipids and Cardioprotection

Enlargement of the heart(hypertrophy) which precedes heart failure is accompanied by metabolic and mechanical disturbances that interfere with normal performance and reduce the heart’s capacity to withstand and recover after angina or a heart attack. The abnormal growth associated with heart enlargement may lead to changes in how the fats and proteins of heart muscle work together structurally and functionally. The overall goal of this study is to investigate whether dietary supplementation with omega-3 ‘good’ type fatty acids (commonly found in fish oil) can improve function and protect against oxygen deprivation (ie simulated heart attack) in hearts from a transgenic mouse model, which have a genetic predisposition to enlargement. Investigation of whether omega-3 diet (compared to omega-6, which is commonly found in vegetable oil) has a beneficial effect on ex vivo whole heart function during periods of myocardial stress (ischemia), metabolic status and membrane structure in normal and enlarged hearts will be undertaken. The effect of dietary modified membrane structure on expression levels of key membrane transporters involved in heart contraction (excitation-contraction coupling) is the focus of this study.

Perinatal Growth Programming of the Heart

Epidemiological studies have shown that an inverse relationship exists between birth weight and adult susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. However, relatively little is known about how the perinatal period impacts on the later capacity of the heart to undergo functional and structural adaptation. Angiotensin II (AngII), the major effector peptide of the renin-angiotensin system, is an important modulator of early cardiac growth but a detailed understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved is currently lacking. The goal of this study is to determine how angiotensin-induced modelling influences in the heart during early development may interact to limit neonatal heart growth and predispose to cardiac hypertrophy at maturity.

Estrogen, Angiotensin II and the Hypertrophic Heart

Pre-menopausal women experience significantly lower cardiovascular mortality than men of the same age. Recent clinical trials, however, have surprisingly shown that post-menopausal estrogen therapy actually exacerbates the risk of heart and other vascular diseases. In addition, evidence for a beneficial interaction between estrogen and angiotensin II (AngII) in the development of cardiac hypertrophy has been reported. This suggests that estrogen may influence how the heart responds to conditions that lead to development of cardiac hypertrophy. The goal of this project is to investigate at a cellular level, the influence exerted by estrogen on myocardial growth and function in the context of a genetic predisposition to cardiac hypertrophy.

The diabetic heart - early cellular disturbances

Type 2 diabetes comprises 85-90% of all cases of diabetes, and represents an escalating and major public health challenge. Diabetes is associated with a significantly greater risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This cardiovascular demise involves not only vascular dysfunction, but can also be attributed to cardiac muscle tissue structural and functional deficits. There is good evidence that the myocardium in particular may be especially vulnerable to the pre-diabetic damage assocoiated with insulin resistance, and excess production of oxygen free radicals. Our research focuses on investigating how the myocardium is impacted by the metabolic shifts associated with insulin resistance, and evaluating how substrate and hormonal interventions may ameliorate cardiomyocyte dysfunction associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. These studies involve experimental dietary interventions and anti-oxidant treatments.

Facilities & Techniques

Publications

Refereed Papers

Conference Presentations

Current Grants

NHMRC:

Enkephalin metabolism in cardiac ischemia, heart failure and cardiac surgery.

NHMRC:

Statistical issues in microarray data analysis.

NHMRC:

Estrogen, Angiotensin II and the hypertrophic heart – cellular mechanisms of estrogenic cardioprotection

National Heart Foundation:

Omega 3 Dietary Lipids and Cardioprotection

Wenkart Foundation:

Neonatal Hormones and Heart Growth

 

 

 

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